Natural pigment mainly comes from some plants and microorganisms, mainly including red kojic rice, chlorophyll, turmeric, carotene, caramel color, hot red element, etc. Synthetic pigment is synthesized by the chemical reaction. At stesweet stevia present, China only allows the use of eight kinds of food, and strictly limit its usage and scope. Natural edible pigment non-toxic, harmless to human body health, has a certain nutritional value. Red kojic rice is a kind of unique natural pigment in China, the protein has very strong tinting strength, commonly used in fermented bean curd, meat color and wine. Red kojic rice is a kind of mold called monascus, inoculation on rice, that is, red kojic rice is made of microorganisms.
Monascus mycelium of decomposition to produce large amounts of red pigment, make the bacteria present a bright red. Monascus non-toxic, safe and stable. As early as the tang and song dynasties, China used red kojic rice processed foods, is mainly used for brewing. Domestic wine, such as heavy cylinder wine, alcohol, wine, etc., fujian is made of red kojic rice. In addition to red kojic rice is naringenin price made of microbes, another can produce yellow penicillin. It mixed with a mixture called big mold, can produce red pigment. Curcumin is extracted from herbs of turmeric rhizome, used in food coloring. Such as powder, soy products, wine and longan leather dyeing, etc.
The chemical structure of the physical and chemical properties of lycopene by 11 conjugated and 2 of the conjugate linear hydrocarbons composed of carbon carbon double bond. Under the microscope as an acicular crystal, dark purple. Soluble in fats, oils, ethyl ether, petroleum ether, hexane and acetone, its solubility increases with the temperature increases obviously; Soluble in chloroform, carbon turmeric extract powder disulfide, benzene and other organic solvents; Insoluble in water; Hardly soluble in methanol, ethanol, melting point 169 ℃, there is a strong absorption peak at 472 nm. Lycopene has no ring structure, physiological activity of vitamin A, and therefore not performance. As a kind of unsaturated polymer, it is sensitive to oxidation. That can lead to carotenoids oxidative factors such as light, temperature, oxygen, pH and active surface, etc all can affect the lycopene.
Natural pigment manufacturer lycopene has the oxidation resistance of lycopene by physical and chemical ways quenching singlet oxygen or capture superoxide free radicals. Singlet oxygen is a highly active oxygen free radicals and has the effects pumpkin seed extract of cell toxicity, in areas such as the cell membrane, mitochondria, is sensitive to its, a variety of biological macromolecules in the cell can happen with molecules cause damage to the cell membrane system;